Introduction The computer network is the backbone of modern communication through which we communicate. It lays down the foundation for connecting devices and enables them to share data and access resources through them. Understanding the components in computer network is very essential whether you’re studying for the CCNA exam or you studying computer networks in…
Introduction Cloud computing is an emerging technology reshaping many industries, especially computer networking. It helps businesses to grow and save money. Instead of installing applications on premises-network, companies now use their application on cloud-based networks that bring many benefits, such as easier management and robust security. In this article, we will explore the key benefits…
Introduction When we design a computer network, it depends on our needs, scope, and requirements of the network. If we have a small or medium organization, then obviously we will need small numbers of computers. But, if our organization is large, there will be dozens to hundred numbers of computers. However, to understand this question,…
Introduction In today’s world of network communication, protocol and standard in computer networks are the heart of every device. Various devices located in the world need to exchange data efficiently and accurately to perform tasks, and for this communication to happen smoothly. So, all of these devices need to follow the same rules for sending…
Introduction Earning the Cisco certifications is one of the most cases and desirable qualifications. CCNP vs CCNA are two certifications you’ll hit on your way to the top, from just starting out in networking or looking to take it up a notch. Each of these certifications is highly regarded in IT, but they come with…
What is CCNA? CCNA vs Network+ is a common comparison for those entering the networking field. CCNA is a popular certification in the computer networking field. Cisco Systems offers it, which is a leader in the networking field. In CCNA, we cover basic networking skills like API connectivity, API services, security and automation, etc. …
Port Address Translation Port address translation or PAT is a translation mechanism that translates multiple private IP addresses to a single shareable public IP address. An organization needs to conserve its public IP addresses. We can also use it for security purposes just like to protect an internal network from external threats. Today we use…
Introduction Network address translation in our private network allows multiple devices to share a single IP address when they try to access the outside network. It conserves public IP addresses and hides private IP addresses by enhancing network security. We will define in this article, define NAT, its types, and its practical implementation in a…
Introduction ACLs help us to perform various security activities, like packet filtering and network classification. Configuring ACLs is useful when the network is smaller or has a few lines of ACEs. But, it becomes very hard for a device to manage and maintain when we configure so many ACLs on the router. To resolve this…
Introduction to Access Control List What is an Access Control List? An access control list is a group of commands that work together to classify IP packets entering or leaving a router interface. We can define an ACL as a sequential list of rules that either will permit or deny the traffic based on the…
Introduction Interior gateway routing protocols (IGPs) are the core of computer networking. Without them, we can’t connect devices. Different IGPs exist in the industry, but EIGRP and OSPF dominate in usage. Their functionality is connecting devices, but their ways of connecting devices differ. When considering EIGRP vs OSPF, both routing protocols have their own strengths…
Introduction OSPF routing protocol is a dynamic routing protocol that dynamically learns routes from other routers and advertises these routes to other OSPF-speaking routers. so that, these information will reach all the OSPF’s routers. What is the OSPF routing protocol? OSPF routing protocol is the most widely used IGP routing protocol. it uses IP protocol…
Introduction The Cisco Certified Network Associate or CCNA is one of the most important exams in the field of computer networking world. The current exam code of CCNA is 200-301. If you want to know previous versions of the CCNA, then you can visit the link. It is an entry-level computer network course designed by…
Introduction In the modern age of AI, it is challenging for traditional security appliances to prevent modern network attacks from AI. So, Cisco developed a Cisco Hypershield to overcome these shortcomings. Through the use of AI, it will also detect future network attacks in advance. With modern technology, we depend on our devices for everything…
Introduction Routing Information Protocol or RIP is one of the oldest routing protocols. Bellman-Ford developed it in 1980. It passed through certain revisions which are version 1, version 2 for IPv4, and RIPng for IPv6. Moreover, it is a distance routing protocol that uses hop count as a metric. It is used in small as…
Introduction Routed and routing protocols are the backbones of modern network communication. It is just like a bus and road. Routing protocols are the road, and the bus is just like routed protocols. The bus carries the passengers (Actual data), while the road finds a path to the destination for routing protocols. It helps us…
Introduction Routing is how data packets move from source to destination in a computer network. The word’ routing’ comes from the word ‘route,’ also called way. So, Routing is a way to find a path from source to destination. A device called a Router is used to find this path. The router is a device…
Introduction First, we define what media is. Media is a way in which communication takes place. There are two types of media, which are wire and wireless. In this article, we are going to focus on guided media. So, guided media is a way in networking devices to exchange data or information through wires. Another term for…
Transmission modes mean how data is transferred from one place to another place. The data that is transferring from one place to another, is colliding with any other type of data. If the cable doesn’t contain more than one channel in it. Then, there is 100% of possibility that it will collide with the remote…
AAA stands for Authentication Authorization and Accounting. It is a security service, which means no authorized person will not access your device or network. It is a service that stores usernames and passwords in a centralized location. .AAA consists of three A’s, which first A is for Authentication. Authentication means who is logged in to…
IPv6 stands for Internet Protocol Version 6. It is the latest version of IPv4. IP version 6 is not backward compatible with Ipv4, because it performs the same task as the Ipv4 does. The IPv6 provides a unique IP to the device, but its addressing scheme and addresses are different from IPV4. It provides the…
MAC stands for media access control. It is used to assign a unique address to Nodes in a computer networking environment for resource-sharing purposes without any trouble. Moreover, It works at data link layer 2 in the osi model. The data link layer is further subdivided into two parts, the LLC layer and the MAC…
Utilization of IP addressing is an important role of a network engineer. Therefore, they must ensure the availability of IP addresses to allocate to their clients. Furthermore, there are some techniques through which he will be able to its availability. Specifically, they must know VLSM, FLSM, and CIDR notation, through which they will ensure the…
Subnet Mask The subnet mask is a 32-bit number, which tells about which is the network portion and which is the host portion of an IP address. As we know from classful IP addresses, that is the network portion and the host portion. But in the case of subnetting, we don’t know about the network…
IP stands for Internet protocol. With the help of IP addresses, we uniquely identify a device in the computer network. All the devices in the network have one unique identifier, which is called an IP address. The IP address enables us to transfer files from one computer to another computer. It is a logical address…
Cisco Endpoint devices Cisco end-point devices are those devices that work at the end of the network. Cisco end-point devices include, IP Phone, web mobile, and desktop client Through telepresence, we can make ultra-HD video calls. Examples of telepresence end-point devices are: Through it, we make our video conferencing calls Benefits
There are many types of devices, which are used in the computer networking industry. We use some devices for small offices or homes. Similarly, we used some devices for medium to large networks. Some devices are obsolete like bridge, hub, etc while some devices have made a modification in it that performs its basic functions…
Collision domain and Broadcast domain are the two important terms in the computer networking subject. it defines how data will access the medium. If more than one device sends data at the same time, then there is a chance to collide that data with another device’s data. Also, the Broadcast domain defines the reachability of…
Computer network topologies are the design of the network. Moreover, computer network topologies define how computers will connect to each other and how devices will communicate with each other. To create a network, you start by designing how computers will connect. Subsequently, the connectivity between the computers is called topology. There are two types of…
TCP/IP Model stands for transmission control protocol/ Internet Protocol. It is also called TCP/IP Suit. It is the most popular model in the history of computer networking. Every operating system supports it whether it is Windows, Linux, Unix, or Mac. it is an open standard model. This model follows a layered approach. There are 4…
Two Stanford University computer science scientists found Cisco, Leonard Basab & Sandy Lerner. Their task was to connect Stanford University computers. They created a box that worked as a multi-protocol Router called “The Blue Box”. The Cisco name is derived from the city name “San Francisco”. Its logo represents the two towers of the Golden…
Introduction In 1977, the ISO developed an architecture for data exchange between computers. Finally, in 1984, ISO developed an architecture that they named the “OSI” (Open System for Interconnection) reference model. The OSI reference model is an architecture through which two computers conforming to the reference model and associated standards can exchange data between them….
CCNA certification stands for Cisco certified network associate. Cisco Systems Incorporation is an American multinational company offering certifications for its products, i.e. Routers, Switches, Firewall, etc. There are three levels of certification in the Cisco exam, of which CCNA is the first stage. In this course, students learn about the basics of Cisco routers, switches,…
Anything that is interconnected with each other, then it’s called a network, whether it is a group of people or that is a group of nodes. So, in information technology, “A computer network is a group of nodes connected through a medium for the exchange of information.”The medium through which a computer network is formed…